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标题: 乒乓球技术提高策略 [打印本页]

作者: 贞元乒乓    时间: 2015-1-22 15:35
标题: 乒乓球技术提高策略
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">乒乓球技术提高策略<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">一:技术练习优先论 乒乓球技术中存在种种的问题,想来可以归根结底地说以下几句话:第一句话是:练的不够。第二句话是:少练而无法体会;第三句话是:无法体会不能对解释心领神会;问题的症结在于没有足够的时间、方便的场地和适合的练习对手。即技能学习不能保证。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">解决问题的策略:打乒乓球(不管比赛还是练习)时,留意每一板球,要记球,要试图分析并尝试解决。不要怕在改正技术动作中出的错,进步往往就从这开始。业余乒乓球爱好者要学会在有限条件下使自己技术提高效果最大化。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">二:纠错过正论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">乒乓球比赛或练习中出现的技术问题,知道错,但往往又改不了或改的不彻底。怎么办?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">告诉你一个比较有效的办法:如果接发球经常从一侧出界,你就想法子让球从另一侧出界,如果经常下网,你就想法子让球出界,如此等等。试一试,多体会肌肉感觉,简单用头脑,让动作告诉你另一个极端事实,或许会使你对技术动作的使用有豁然开朗的感受。这就是所谓的纠错过正论。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">三:死线活练论 从形式上看,在乒乓球技术练习一些内容上,国家队员和一般业余练习者基本一样,如正手斜线对攻技术练习,双方站在右半台对打斜线。国家队员一次打个三、四十板,业余练习者也差不多。但事实上国家队员和一般业余练习者在这个内容的练习上存在很大差别,他们是形同神异。
神异之处是:在定点、定线的上旋击球中,前者击球有若干主动的变化:力量方面的轻、中、重变化,以及相应的击球动作大小的变化;击球时间方面的上升前期、高点期和下降前期变化,以及相应的步法在近台、中台和中远台之间移动的变化。这些变化都是为了适应比赛的需要,是积极主动去提高用不同动作处理不同来球的能力。练习形式看似是一条“死线”,但一个优秀的运动员可以赋予它“活练”的内容。而这样做的目的就使练习内容更接近比赛的实际。达到练约等于战,而不是练于战几乎无关。
技术能力提高方法之一:就是在任何一条单线练习做到“死线活练”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">四:握拍决定论 乒乓球练习者往往会郁闷自己击球动作的“怪异”。尤其是做攻球、拉球等技术动作时。为什么会这样呢?其实,导致动作“怪异”的主要原因是在不太起眼的握拍动作上。仅以正手攻球为例来简单说明:
直拍握拍食指过深拇指过浅且食指用力,击球往往出界多,由于手前臂和腕内旋受限,需用抬肘动作帮助使球拍拍面前倾,故正手攻球基本上会有抬肘和翻肘动作。 开始学习乒乓球,根本没有打乒乓球一点概念,也没有人告诉什么是正确握拍方法,因此,很容易留下动作的“后遗症”,再改,难,可能只能将错就错了,甚是遗憾。
握拍方法要注意,尽可能做到正确的握拍,尤其对初学者。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

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line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">五:张弛有度论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

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line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">一“击球动作紧张僵硬”;二“发力击球时却无力”;三“拉弧圈球拉的不转”等等,都技术动作学习中常见问题。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">一般的说法:是初学打球动作不熟,如果练了一段时间还是如此呢?是力量不够,如果增加了力量练习还如此呢?是摩擦不够,如果注意了摩擦动作还是如此呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">细想一下,问题症结是出在对技术动作在张弛关系的处理上。引拍紧张不能够给挥拍发力提供动力支持,发力和摩擦效果自然就差;引拍紧张导致重复性动作僵硬和失调。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">解决的策略:引拍时肌肉要适当放松(可能不习惯,使击球的失误有些增加,可值得你去做),挥拍击球时加速发力。这一引一击,一松一紧,使得动作有节奏和舒展,击球的良好效果就会显现。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">更重要的是:僵硬的击球动作和紧张过度的心理关联,击球动作的张弛有度则和心理的张弛相呼应,张弛有度对技术在比赛中有效运用非常重要。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">六:以赛带练论 因为是业余打乒乓球,不仅图个技术提高,还要图个赢图个乐。见面当然要打打比赛了,把有限的时间光用死练上,多冤。还好,事实上在比赛中存在着完善和提高自己技术水平的可能性。就技术提高和打球图乐的完美结合而言,业余球友也就可试试“以赛代练”了。
怎么做?基本方法大致有以下几种:<span lang="EN-US"> 1</span>)就把一些比赛当作一种实战练习。可以在有一定压力下,打发抢、打接发抢如此等等的技战术。并及时分析失败和成功之处,活学现用。如此以来,体会才深刻,进步才显著。<span lang="EN-US"> 2</span>)单一目的。如和某一对手比赛,就是为了练正手冲弧圈球(拉下旋后再冲对方防过来的上旋球)。可以在一局中使用,也可以在整场中使用。<span lang="EN-US"> 3</span>)如果怕输,那就找个水平比你低一些的。可以特别关注地试试自己的某一个技术或技术组合。看看效果。行,再逐步和厉害的对手比试比试。<span lang="EN-US"> 4</span>)就是要和比自己强的对手比赛。此时千万别蒙了,千万别怕,他也是人,也会犯错误。一定要看清和记住,他(她)对自己都干了些什么?为什么这么干?他想达到什么效果?达到了或没怎么达到。记住。下次你可能就会比这次少犯技术战术上的错误,少犯错误,就是进步。没准会闹个“冷门”出来。
业余时间打乒乓球,肯定没有太多的时间进行所谓基本攻的练习,也不能奢望基本技术能够有千锤百炼炉火纯青的工夫。技术基本上能够满足和队友“礼尚往来”,尔后又能同“贬”同乐,够了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

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line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">七:朝秦暮楚论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">乒乓球技术提高的标准是能赢球,由于乒乓球技术细腻,每一个新异的技术刺激都会给你技术的使用带来麻烦,使之发挥不了,导致输球。所以,要能赢一些球,就要必须适应不同的技术打法,适应乒乓球中那些基本的“新异性的刺激”,增加抵御和反击不同对手袭来的“怪招”,战而胜之。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如何做到这些呢?办法就是“朝秦暮楚”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">乒乓球练习千万别和一个人“从一而终”。尽可能地和不同对手进行练习,和技术特点比较突出的对手练习,和自己最讨厌的技术打法的对手练习。练习过程肯定别扭,不爽。别急,慢慢地就会有感觉,有好转,这是进步。当然,你不是为了赢球吗,当然要忍一忍了,值得。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">八、合作破坏论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">奇怪了:乒乓球技术提高中还有“合作破坏论”一说。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">释疑:<span lang="EN-US">1</span>)在练习的意义上。一般情况下都是在球友间进行练习,如果练习中象比赛那样去打球,什么“声东击西”、“一棍打死”之类的做法,从技术学习上看,肯定没法满对击球次数的基本需要,从练习的心情上看,肯定不爽不痛快。所以,朋友间的练习,往往力争做到合合美美的,你好我好都好的状态。此曰:合作。这样合作时间长了,我们身边就多一些“练习性选手”,中看不中用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">)在比赛意义上,情况和练习截然不同了。一比赛,满脑子就一个字:“赢”,于是,“六亲不认”了。练习时“温柔”没有了,比赛中不但“声东”还“击西”、往往恨不得“一棍打死”才好。此曰:破坏。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">问题出来了:如果练习“温柔的合作”和比赛“残酷的破坏”有如此大差别,练习还有什么意义呢?办法是有的,就是在练习中运用“合作破坏”论。即练习<span lang="EN-US">60%-70%</span>是要学习和提高技术能力,所以,要保证一次上手练习有适当多的击球次数,不然就无法学习了。与此同时,在基本回合有了后,也有了手上的感觉,在一个多次击球的回合中要添加<span lang="EN-US">20-30%</span>的“破坏”性因素,打的狠一点、刁一点。单一技术单一线路上的练习可以如此,结合技术的复线练习(有规律的)练习也可如此。另外还要随水平的提高增加无规律性练习内容。这样做,就是使自己的技术中看更中用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">九、技术优化论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">乒乓球技术学习的数量和掌握技巧的程度一般是有限的,每一个打乒乓球的人都如此,不管是业余的和还是职业的。用有限的技术和技巧,能不能赢更多的比赛呢?答案是:能。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">能的根据是:人们有意或无意地把试图把自己有限技术做到效益最大化。有限技术的效益最大化,有现成的事实:打法,有若干技术及特长技术组合成的打法。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">比如:在掌握了基本的发球技术、搓推等控制技术和拉球技术后。通过比赛人们发现它们可以有不同使用策略(有成功的,也有失败的)。人们也知道个别技术虽有特点,但是不可能单一地去使用,必须组合使用,而且是有针对性的组合使用才行。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如果某种技术组合往往有效,你就信它,如此以来你就有了自己特有的打法。而且根据不同对手进行的一些调整如果依然比较有效,你就基本把自己有限技术做到效益最大化。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">这,就了不起!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">十、得意忘形论<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">有网友发帖子问:打乒乓球的最高境界是什么?答案之一:“得意忘形”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">我发了关于乒乓球技术能力提高的九个帖子,就提高乒乓球技术能力提出一些想法和大致的做法:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">之一是谈多练(巧练)的;之二是谈如何纠正错误动作的;之三是谈练习方法要领的;之四是谈结构功能的(我们的许多技术动作问题都可以在握拍上找到答案,往往握拍的结构决定了击球动作的结构,击球动作结构好坏程度又决定其击球效果(功能的实现))
;之五是谈击球动作的放松问题,再加一句,放松不仅有助于动作协调,适当放松的肌肉还有助于能够仔细体会比较丰富的触球感觉。之六谈的是练习方式的泛化(以赛带练);之七是谈练习对手多样化;之八是谈别把练习和比赛割裂开来;之九是谈有限技术效益最大化。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">上述九个帖子的想法和做法不管能够实现多少,有一定基础的人基本都可以步入乒乓球的新境界:“得意忘形”。差别在程度上,有的人基本上完全是,有的人有时是,或某一技术是。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">“得意忘形”什么意思?就是技术动作在比赛已经不怎么需要考虑了,技术动作已经自动地成为了战术的工具,这个工具一般情况下是不会出问题的。具体讲:正手冲。比赛时是要发挥它的巨大杀伤力来直接得分,至于拉的动作,已经自动化了,你已经不需要要注意它的动作形式,你的注意点在直接得分上了。<span lang="EN-US">&nbsp; <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">比赛中“得意忘形”的感觉好,似乎可以“随心所欲”了。有一些,或有一下,都好。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>




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