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关于乒乓球运动常见的损伤及处理方法

班长 2013-5-19 14:59:00
<div class="Section0"><p class="p16" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:16.0000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">关于乒乓球运动常见的损伤及处理方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:16.0000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">        </span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">乒乓球运动相对于其他的户外户内运动,属于相对不易受伤的运动,但是,虽然如此,由于打乒乓而受伤的情况还是存在的,乒乓球运动速度快,变化多,运动量也是较大,尤其以腰背部及上肢运动为主。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">因此,我查询的相关的资料总结之后得出以下的常见损伤及处理方法:</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">(1)&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">腰背部损伤</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">在打乒乓球时,腰背部随着球拍的挥动</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">要完成前屈、侧弯、旋转等动作易造成腰部肌肉损伤。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; text-decoration:underline ;font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">:</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">腰部酸痛、沉重,运动中及运动后症状明显,腰背部劳累后症状加重。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:调整运动量、运动时佩带支具、损伤部位的按摩、理疗、封闭、针灸,较严重的需手术治疗。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">(2)&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'Calibri'; ">肩袖损伤</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-weight:bold; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">乒乓球运动是以肩关节的活动为基础的运动</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">,</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">&nbsp;在乒乓球运动中提拉、扣杀、削球等动作,上臂需反复内旋、外展,如长期大量运动或急性损伤时</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">都可能</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">造成肩袖损伤。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:损伤后的肩痛,其次是肩部活动受限制,肌肉痉挛和肌肉萎缩。&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; "><br/></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:调整运动量,加强上肢肌肉的训练,根据病情轻重可用固定、封闭、理疗或手术等方法处理。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">(3)&nbsp;</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">三角软骨盘损伤</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">乒乓球运动时进行的推挡、反手攻球、反手快拉、快拨、反手弧圈球,使下尺桡关节趋向分离,牵扯三角软骨盘而造成肩袖损伤</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">.</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:旋转前臂时出现腕关节小拇指侧疼痛,腕部无力感、弹响、交锁。&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; "><br/></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:前提是明确损伤原因,减少运动量,必要时固定制动、局部封闭、理疗、按摩,严重时需经手术治疗。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">(4)&nbsp;</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">髌腱末端病</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; font-size:10.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">乒乓球运动时除了上肢运动,步法也很重要,长期大量的运动或者不恰当的运动可能会导致</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">膝关节劳损、疼痛</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:膝关节痛,痛点在髌尖或髌腱处,半蹲、跑跳、上下楼时加重。&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; "><br/></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:调整运动量,加强下肢肌肉训练,佩带支具保护,按摩、理疗。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">(5)&nbsp;</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">跟腱腱围炎</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">跟腱是人体最大的肌腱,近端是腓肠肌、比目鱼肌的肌腱,远端止于跟骨后下方。乒乓球运动因为需要不停的移动步伐,扣杀等动作时还需以足踏地发力,所以若运动量较大时,</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; ">可能</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">会造成跟腱局部损伤,出现跟腱腱围炎甚至跟腱断裂。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:最初感觉跟腱在运动前后疼痛,准备活动后疼痛多可消失,如继续重复损伤动作,症状加重,以致走路甚至不负重的屈伸踝关节时也出现疼痛,晚期跟腱常出现棱形肿大。&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; "><br/></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:减少运动量,局封,慢跑、理疗、手术治疗。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p17" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; text-indent:-18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">(6)&nbsp;</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">肱二头肌长头肌腱腱鞘炎</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">肱二头肌是上臂前方的重要肌肉组织,乒乓球运动中反复的提拉、扣杀、削球、弧圈球等动作,上臂前方的肱二头肌必须进行反复收缩才可发力,长期大量运动后易造成此疾病。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p0" style="margin-left:18.0000pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">主要症状</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:一次致伤或慢性病变再伤时,在受伤当时即有疼痛,随即疼痛加剧,肩关节活动明显受限,疼痛部位多在上臂前外侧。&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; "><br/></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); text-decoration:underline ;font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">预防及治疗方法</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'Arial'; ">:如有出现早期冰敷患处减缓疼痛,后期可通过按摩、理疗、外用药物等方法处理,如出现脱位应及时到医院处理。</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun:'yes'; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-weight:bold; font-size:11.5000pt; font-family:'宋体'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
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