乒乓球

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:25:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">乒乓球，中华人民共和国</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/895514.htm" target="_blank">国球</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">，是一种</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/8083.htm" target="_blank">世界</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">流行的球类</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/1207235.htm" target="_blank">体育项目</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">。它的英语官方名称是“table tennis”，意即“桌上网球”。乒乓球一名起源自1900年，因其打击时发出“Ping Pong”的声音而得名，在中国就以“乒乓球”作为它的官方名称，香港及澳门等地区亦同时使用。然而，</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/2200.htm" target="_blank">台湾</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">和日本则称为</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/52161.htm" target="_blank">桌球</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /25px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">，意指球桌上的球类运动。</span>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:25:00

<h2 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(222,223,225) 1px="1px" solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px="0px" 0px="0px" 10px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; ZOOM: 1; FONT: bold="bold" 18px="18px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); CLEAR: both; WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" class="headline-1 first="first" bk-sidecatalog-title"><span class="headline-content">乒乓球简介</span></h2>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:25:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">乒乓球为纯圆形，2000年</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/179817.htm" target="_blank">悉尼奥运会</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">之前（包括悉尼奥运会）国际比赛用球的直径为38mm，2000年之后国际比赛用球的直径为40mm</span>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:26:00

<h2 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(222,223,225) 1px="1px" solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px="0px" 0px="0px" 10px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; ZOOM: 1; FONT: bold="bold" 18px="18px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); CLEAR: both; WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" class="headline-1 bk-sidecatalog-title"><span class="headline-content">乒乓球赛制</span></h2>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:26:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">比赛以11分为一局（曾经长期实行21分制，最早甚至出现过100分制）采用五局三胜（团体）或七局四胜制（单项）。比赛分团体、单项（男单、女单，男双、女双、混双）。</span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:27:00

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:27:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">1927年，国际乒乓球联合会（ITTF）正式成立，并决定举行第一届世界乒乓球锦标赛。乒乓球运动的发展大约经历了三个阶段。初期，运动员使用的球拍虽形状各异，但都是木制的，击出的球的速度慢。力量小，谈不上什么旋转；打法也单调，只是把球推来推去。</span>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:27:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">1936年，第十届世界乒乓球锦标赛在匈牙利</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/3251056.htm" target="_blank">布格拉</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">举行，大赛中出现了令人惊叹的局面。男子团体冠军争夺赛，在罗马尼亚和奥地利进行。比赛从星期天21时进行。熟料双方派出三名削球手，由于打法相同，双方水平又接近，且都用了</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/192266.htm" target="_blank">蘑菇战术</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">，不肯轻易挑绊，而且企图从对手的失误中取胜。比赛进行到三时还是2：2。当地规定，公共场所必须在3时关闭，惹来了警察干涉，最终耗时31时奥地利才以5：4战胜。</span>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:27:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　1903年，英国人古德发明了</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/1232946.htm" target="_blank">胶皮</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">球拍，有力地促进了乒乓球技术的发展。从1926年到1951年，世界各国选手大都使用表面有圆柱形颗粒的胶皮拍。击球时增加了弹性和摩擦力，可以使球产生一定的旋转，因而出现了削下旋球的防守型打法。这一打法在欧洲流行长久，不少运动员采用这种打法获得了</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/382211.htm" target="_blank">世界冠军</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">。这一时期乒乓球运动的优势在欧洲，其中匈牙利队成绩最突出，在117项次世界冠军中，他们获57项次，占欧洲队的一半。但这种球拍只能以制造下旋为主。人人皆此，磨来守去，即使夺得了冠军也毫无意义。</span>

冷月儿 · 2012-11-14 14:27:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">20世纪50年代初，奥地利人发明了海绵球拍，日本运动员道德在世界比赛中使用，并一举夺取得第十九届</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/452547.htm" target="_blank">世界锦标赛</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">的四项冠军，打破了欧洲运动员的垄断地位。由于日本运动员利用这种球拍创造的</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/1470315.htm" target="_blank">远台</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">长抽进攻型打法，具有</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/197747.htm" target="_blank">正手攻球</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">力量大，速度快，</span><a style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; COLOR: rgb(19,110,194); WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/197793.htm" target="_blank">发球抢攻</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; DISPLAY: inline="inline" !important; FONT: 14px="14px" /24px arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">威胁大等优点，因而速度慢、旋转弱、攻击力不强的欧洲防守型打法被逐渐取代，使日本夺得了五十年代乒乓球运动的优势。1952年到1959年，在49项次世界冠军中，日本队夺得24次项次，占47%。这是乒乓球运动水平的第一次大提高。</span>

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