乒乓球裁判员的基本手势及行为规范

“手势”是临场裁判员除了口语之外的另一种比赛提示方法。在比赛过程中，现场观众因角度、距离等因素看不到比分的情况下，裁判员的手势就可以成为一种让观众了解比赛进程的信息来源。多年来，临场裁判员的手势随着《乒乓球竞赛规则》地不断修改而改变，而目前关于裁判手势及行为规范的资料也相对较少，所以本期特以此内容作为裁判基础知识的开篇。<img style="WIDTH: 230px; HEIGHT: 240px; TOP: 90px; LEFT: 199px" alt="" src="http://www.huadingsports.com/bbs/attachments/month_0909/09092323481fea89aa9349664e.png" width="230" height="240"/><img style="WIDTH: 340px; HEIGHT: 232px; TOP: 94px; LEFT: 144px" alt="" src="http://www.gispark.com/upimg/allimg/20071027/0143014.png" width="340" height="232"/>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/2011517165359.png"/></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center">&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　1．发球</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　在一局比赛，运动员第一次发球，或下一轮发球前，裁判员在报出发球方称谓的同时，五指并拢，手臂自然伸直指向发球方，示意该运动员发球。（该手势同样适用于一局比赛或一场比赛结束后，裁判员宣布比赛结果时，手臂也应指向获胜方）。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/2011517165554.png"/><img style="WIDTH: 230px; HEIGHT: 179px; TOP: 121px; LEFT: 199px" alt="" src="http://www.huadingsports.com/bbs/attachments/month_0909/0909232348ff599b47c9675445.png" width="230" height="179"/></p>
<p>　　<span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　2．报分</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　《乒乓球竞赛规则》是这样描述的：当判得分时，裁判员应将靠近得分方的手臂举起，使上臂水</span></strong></span><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">平，前臂垂直，手握拳向上。在临场操作时，裁判员应尽量使大臂与躯体、小臂与大臂形成直角状态，握拳的虎口部分朝向头部。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/201151717110.png"/><img style="WIDTH: 400px; HEIGHT: 344px; TOP: 38px; LEFT: 111px" alt="" src="http://www.huadingsports.com/bbs/attachments/month_0909/09092323484ac21e928c222a76.png" width="400" height="344"/></p>
<p>　　<span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">3．停</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　比赛时，当“停止练习”、&nbsp; “时间到”、&nbsp;“发球犯规”、&nbsp; “擦网”、&nbsp; “暂停”、&nbsp; “外界球进入场地”以及因其它因素需要裁判员暂停时，裁判员在报出“停止练习”、“擦网”等临场术语的同时，五指并拢，手臂自然伸直上举。在操作时，裁判员应注意手臂尽量上举过头，避免过度前倾。</span></strong></span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/201151717225.png"/><img style="WIDTH: 280px; HEIGHT: 213px; TOP: 104px; LEFT: 174px" alt="" src="http://www.huadingsports.com/bbs/attachments/month_0909/09092323483e6c4881c07cb46f.png" width="280" height="213"/></p>
<p>　　<span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">4．擦边</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　回合中，当处于比赛；l犬态的球“擦边”后结束比赛状态，裁判员在报出“擦边”的同时，应用靠近擦边一侧的食指指向球台，示意这一回合球擦边。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><img style="WIDTH: 310px; HEIGHT: 225px; TOP: 98px; LEFT: 159px" alt="" src="http://img308.ph.126.net/z9fuF-viZMRMhnSo9UfSdg==/3898709902419775476.png" width="310" height="225"/><img style="WIDTH: 190px; HEIGHT: 195px; TOP: 113px; LEFT: 219px" alt="" src="http://www.huadingsports.com/bbs/attachments/month_0909/09092323484a5720d00f13d98e.png" width="190" height="195"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;　<img style="WIDTH: 532px; HEIGHT: 426px; TOP: -2px; LEFT: 48px" alt="" src="http://bbs.jxsport.org.cn/system_dntb/upload/200811143219942.jpg" width="640" height="512"/></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><img style="WIDTH: 370px; HEIGHT: 426px; TOP: -2px; LEFT: 129px" alt="" src="http://bbs.jxsport.org.cn/system_dntb/upload/20081114328191.jpg" width="695" height="800"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">二、裁判员的坐姿</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;<img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/20115171740.png"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　1．主裁判</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　在临场执法时，主裁判需上身端坐，两腿及双膝尽量靠拢，双手自然放在双膝或座椅扶手或裁判椅搭板上。在比赛过程中，主裁判应身体略微前倾，全神贯注地关注比赛。在比赛间歇时，上身可以靠在椅背休息。为了方便看清运动员发球是否擦网，主裁判的身体重心和观察视线可稍与球网的垂直线错开一些距离。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/201151717456.png"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　2．副裁判</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　比赛中，副裁判的坐姿与主裁判相同，双手握在裁判桌上翻分器的两侧。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/20115171764.png"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　4．擦边</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　回合中，当处于比赛；l犬态的球“擦边”后结束比赛状态，裁判员在报出“擦边”的同时，应用靠近擦边一侧的食指指向球台，示意这一回合球擦边。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　三、裁判员入场</span></strong></span><br/><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><img alt="" src="http://www.ctsports.com.cn/UploadFiles/Ch_Pingpong/2011/5/20115171780.png"/></span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　一般正式比赛，在每一单元开始时会安排裁判员统一入场。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　1．两名裁判员（主、副裁判）</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　主裁判在前，副裁判及双方运动员在后依次进入场地或主裁判在前，双方运动员在中间，副裁判在后依次进入场地；</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　进入场地后，裁判应面向主席台或比赛横幅或指定位置站立，停顿短暂片刻即开始比赛。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　2．一名裁判员</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　裁判员在前，带领双方运动员入场；进入场地后，裁判应面向主席台或比赛横幅或指定位置站立，停顿短暂片刻即开始比赛。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　3不安排统一入场的比赛时，裁判员可自行列队进入场地，站在球台两侧等候运动员入场。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　4裁判员无论面向哪方站立，球台应始终置于他的前面。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　四比赛结束及退场</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　一场比赛结束时，主裁判需及时准确记录比分，填写记分单。副裁判应收回比赛用球，确认主裁判完成记录比分后，将翻分器显示至无比赛状态。站在裁判桌旁等待主裁判。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　主裁判完成工作后走到副裁判一侧，双方面向球台略作停顿，然后主裁判在前，成一列纵队退出比赛场地。进场及退场时裁判员要避免跨越比赛挡板。</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　五裁判服装</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="COLOR: #000080"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">　　&nbsp;主、副裁判员需着装一致，应穿着与比赛用球颜色有差异的服装，穿软底正装鞋。</span></strong></span></p>

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太给力了，赞一个！

[em1002]

太好啦。顶一个

很长知识。

<p>看了后头痛。。。。</p>

必须得顶。

不错赞一个。

回帖是美德。