历史如戏，人生如戏

<p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">一切如戏。人生如寄亦如戏<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>历史也是。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; "></span></span></p><font face="宋体" size="3"></font><p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">话听起来有点玩世不恭<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>但人的一生不就在扮演多种角色吗<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>从孩童、学生、成人及至老年<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>所扮角色数不胜数。在人生的某个阶段<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你要同时扮演子女、父母、职员、情人、知己等等<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>演艺生涯不可谓不丰富。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; "></span></span></p><font face="宋体" size="3"></font><p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">历史也是一出戏<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>轻轻翻过一页<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>如同大幕的启合<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你方唱罢我登场<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>往事如云烟<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>新人变旧人<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>旧貌换新颜<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>常令人有穿越之感。</span></p>

<p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">以如戏的眼光看历史<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你就不会再执著于历史真实与否的考据<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你会读得轻松愉悦<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你会满眼皆是舞台、布景、角色、道具<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你会专注地欣赏历史演员的演技<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>看到光怪陆离、酣畅淋漓处<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>会自然而然地进入角色<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>或哭或笑<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>或心潮澎湃<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>或拍案叫绝。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; "></span></span></p><font face="宋体" size="3"></font><p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">既然历史如戏<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>那么历史就是生旦净末丑一个个粉墨登场而演绎的故事了。演技好<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>是块宝<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>高下之分<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>命运不同<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>的确令人感慨。</span></p>

<span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">戏台上以脸谱分</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">大千世界以好坏区别</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">历史从来只按成败论处</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">这是二元思维的习惯</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">也是将生活简单化的妙处。曹操的白脸</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">关羽的红脸</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">包拯的黑脸</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">李逵的花脸</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">还有地位卑微的丑角和龙套</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">都值得翻看历史的人去揣摩。看他们如何表演</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">看他们怎样生活</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">感受他们的喜怒哀乐</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">妙就妙在</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">手指一动</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">你就知道了他们的命运和结局。读历史</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">一招一式都是在反观自己。读历史</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">其实是在看现实。</span>

<span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">历史事件一幕一幕</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">历史人物轮流转换</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">当翻过几千年</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">你会发现</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">上天这个导演还算公平</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">他从不让强者风头占尽</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">也不把弱者的出路堵死。有的人生是遗憾不断而终究圆满</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">有的人生先是浮华满天</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">而末了烟消云散。名门望族有“不过三代”的坎儿</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">蓬门筚户也时有光耀门庭的人。胜利者有孤独求败的苦恼</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">失败者有峰回路转的机缘。正应了元曲所唱</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">“人海阔</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">无日不风波。”</span>

<span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">如戏的历史是快意的。如曹操</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">“大丈夫能屈能伸”</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">官渡之战</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">以少胜多</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">如有神助；赤壁之战</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">折兵百万</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">也不见捶胸顿足、萎靡不振。如祢衡</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">见了权贵不是奴颜婢膝</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">而是揶揄痛骂</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">为了一时痛快而不惜脑袋搬家。如鲁智深</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">大碗喝酒</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">大块吃肉</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">独往独来</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">无拘无束</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">在花和尚的字典里</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">没有忍耐、退让</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">而是快意恩仇、干净利落</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 36px; ">是英雄莫过如此。</span>

<p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">看惯了如戏的历史<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>再看如戏的人生<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>常令人有恍若隔世之感<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>至少<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>缺少了那分历史舞台的快意。现在<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>还有哪位董事长为迎接一位优秀的经理而像曹操那样光着脚丫子从办公室跑出来<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>还有哪位总管会像刘备那样为得到一位青年才俊而冒着大雪一次又一次登门造访<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>现在是<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>金子掉在金子堆里<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>谁知道哪块在闪光<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>这也难怪人们感慨世风不再、人心不古。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; "></span></span></p><font face="宋体" size="3"></font><p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">现实生活运行法则总给人沉重、残酷之感。因是亲身表演的缘故<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>有时连一点幻想都留不下<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>更别说台下的掌声了。沈从文活得实在郁闷时曾宽慰自己说<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">:</span>“连死都不怕<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>还怕活吗<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>”问题是<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>欲死不能的时候<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你怕活<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>刚活出点滋味来<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>你又怕死。</span></p>

<p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">话说回来<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>面对云谲波诡的人生大舞台<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>又有谁不是苦乐参半呢<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">?</span>英雄拯救地球或许只要一秒<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>而完成自我救赎则要穷尽一生。酒不辣不刺激<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>茶不酽没滋味<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>戏不悲不过瘾。以如戏的眼光看历史跟看现实其实没区别<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>完全不必用人为制造的苦去泡自己<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>用人为的复杂吓唬自己、羁押自己<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>能亲自参加演出本身就足够幸运了。只要用心去演<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>根本不用考虑演技<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>因为<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>每个角色都有自己的精彩<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>都有自己的人生。<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; "></span></span></p><font face="宋体" size="3"></font><p style="margin: 0cm="0cm"  0cm="0cm"  0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 27pt; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 13.5pt; ">戏台上阴曹地府常悬挂这样的门联<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>就是“后悔迟”<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>参透这一点<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>就对得起历史如戏<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; ">,</span>就对得起自己。</span></p>

历史也是一出戏,轻轻翻过一页,如同大幕的启合,你方唱罢我登场,往事如云烟,新人变旧人,旧貌换新颜,常令人有穿越之感。